After independence, education became the responsibility of the states. The Indian education system is generally based on marks. There are broadly four stages of school education in India, namely primary, upper primary, secondary and higher secondary (or high schools). The primary or the elementary education is the foundation of the education system in India, as the children are given eight years of schooling during this period. After completing the elementary education, the students get into the secondary level.
The government has taken up the responsibility for ensuring universal elementary education (primary and upper primary) for all children between the age group of six to fourteen. From class one to five is the primary school from the age group of six to eleven. Upper Primary and Secondary school pupils are aged between eleven to fifteen years organized into class”s six to ten. The higher secondary school student ages sixteen to seventeen enrolled in classes eleven and twelve.
The state government provides many opportunities to improve education in India. In the world level, India literacy rate in the Year 2001 census was 64.83, which improved to 74.04 in 2011. The Tamil Nadu is the one of the most literate states in India. Tamil Nadu has performed reasonably well in terms of literacy growth during the decade 2001 to 2011. The state’s literacy rate increased from 73.47% in 2001 to 80.3% in 2011 which is above the national average. This is good improvement in literacy rate.
In Tamil Nadu education system, generally based on Marks. There are broadly four stages of school education namely primary, upper primary, secondary and higher secondary (or high schools).The state government taking more steps to develop our education.
The state Government has been implemented the Common School System is called “Samacheer Kalvi” or Tamil Nadu Uniform System of School Education or Equitable education system.
Advantage of Samacheer Kalvi:
“It”s very simple, useful to the students and parents.
” Samacheer Kalvi maintain common books and syllabus for both Tamil and English medium, because all the students are studying in the uniform way.
“This scheme purpose is to make same quality syllabus which can stop discrimination based on economy, caste, religion and background for all school boards in Tamilnadu.
“Uniform education system will help the children”s of government official, who transferred from one school to another.
“If we will have uniform education system in the state poor children can get better education along with the other states and can learn better things.
Samacheer Kalvi is one of the best in Indian education. “Education is not something which the teacher does … it is a natural process which develops spontaneously in the human being”
India
Essay On Technical Education In India
Education in a college falls, roughly in either of two categories the world over. A liberal education implies training in the fine arts, the humanities, cultural patterns and behavior, and aims at developing a man’s personality. Technical education, on the other hand, aims primarily at equipping a man for work in the practical sense of getting him fit for a job.
The liberal adult education, the origin, is older than the technical training. Therefore, it is more popular than technical training. With the advantage concrete industrialization of the West, we understand the importance of technical education. The industrial revolution brought about great change in the sight of men edu cation. The growing use of forced us to feel the need for technical training. All countries of the world, without exception, have begun to provide specialized training for their young.
Before the advent of industrialization, education was the privilege of the upper class. Technical education has given a new dignity and status to the labor class and lower class. New technical education is looked upon as important and dignified as liberal education. The old myth that mental work is superior to physical work has been exploded. Technical education makes a man capable of diving deep into the realities of life and presents before him a true picture of life. Liberally educated persons are good talkers, debaters and dreamers. They can never work together with unity and solidarity. Manual workers often show more union, organization and solidarity.
There are countless benefits of technical education. That allows a man to solve the problem of bread and butter. An educated man cally technology can never fall victim of unemployment and suffering. Graduates are wandering here and there lessly to a technician, but rarely without a job.
More than that, however, it trains him in a specialized branch of knowledge. In India, especially, where there is dire need of technicians and scientists, technical education can come in much more useful than vocational education, which stops at readying a person for a job. Technical education thus covers a wider field than vocational.
Our schools have achieved indisch pline and illegality, because they allow this type of school students, which often prove useful to students later in their life. The result is that the same students during the pre-school frustrated and have no interest in learning the creative class taught their rooms. No sane person can not be denied that India is woefully behind techno formation CAL. And ‘the main reason for our low standard of living. India is short of doctors, engineers and skilled workers to serve the companies and factories to run at a profit. Large projects sometimes fail with the shortage of technical hands. The current Indian educational set up with the British, and the aim is to produce officers and white-collar “Baboos” that might be useful to go to Administrative Tools.
So this system is Funda mental defective, and require a complete reorientation to face the challenges of a changing India.
Almost all educationists are convinced that, for a country, with a little more than ten percent literacy, purely technical form of education is not likely to be of great help. The crying need is literacy. Technical education is only likely to succeed when a large part of the nation has become sufficiently literate. It is an excellent thing to train a carpenter’s son in the latest development of his trade, but it is ridiculous to expect him to become a first rate electrical engineer unless he has gone through a primary course in liberal education. It is, therefore, not wise to put liberal and technical educations in water-tight compartments. The proper policy would be to stress liberal education in the early stage, say till Matriculation, and then commence with the main course of technical education basing the student’s choice of scientific research on aptitude and inclination.
Technical education is not without flaws. It makes a man strong and materialistic in Outlook and makes it unsuitable for the appreciation of art, music and literature. An employee of the highly specialized branch of industry is of no use in another. It is necessary to perfect life that man must learn to earn a living and learn the art of living at the same time.
We must also be careful not to be too thorough-going. While stressing the importance of technical education, we must always keep in mind that the best education, the education that goes most towards developing decency and culture, is still liberal. What all educational institutions must keep in mind is the all round man; the purpose of all kinds of education is simply to round off a man’s nature, to polish it and give him a chance of perfecting it. Technical education must always be aware of the higher end; and so long as it keeps it in view, it is bound to be of immense help in the building of our country’s future.
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How To Improve Rural Education In India
Indian literacy rate in the year 2011 census was 74.04 Government of India has taken several measures to improve the literacy rate in villages and towns of India. State Governments has been directed to ensure and improve literacy rate in districts and villages where people are very poor. There has been a good improvement in literacy rate of India in last 10 years but there is still a long way to go.
Many children living in rural areas receive a level of education which is very poor. But City areas level of education is very good.
To compare with city education and rural education:
“There are many schools in cities and towns but there are very few schools in villages and the rural areas.
“Transportation facilities like bus pick and in city schools where as children in rural areas have to walk miles to reach their schools.
“Basic amenities like no drinking water in provided in some of the schools in villages.
“Level of education in City schools is far advanced as compared to the basic level taught in rural schools.
“Computer facility is there city areas but no computer facility in villages.
“Group classes are taken by using video conferencing and audio conferencing in City schools where as no such facilities are provided for students in rural schools.
“The teachers are given tools like laptops, printers to provide notes and other important notices to the children in city schools while there are no such facilities in the rural schools.
“School infrastructure in case of cities areas is much more advanced as compared to that in schools in rural areas where some times children are even made to sit on the floor due to non-availability of furniture.
” School education in city areas is more advanced especially since there is a lot of computer aided teaching.
“Apart from the course curriculum rural schools are not able to involve children in other activities like sports, co-curricular activities and competitions. Such events and activities tend help in the over all development of the children.
Government of several measures India has taken to improve the education in villages and towns of India. But some step to improve rural side education.
List of Steps taken by Government of India to improve rural areas side education in India:
Step1: To provide free standard education to rural children.
Step2: Supporting children for higher education.
Step3: Guiding and Supporting Research scholars in Educational Development.
Step4: Implementing new teaching methodologies and Assessment system.
Step5: Promoting all schools to stress free environment.
Step6: Free education programs to poor people living in villages.
Step7: To provide Free Internet facility.
Step8: In our schools in rural side monthly once arrange seminar on any one topic example how to develop our communication?
Step9: In rural side must to teach spoken English. Because in this world English is very important. Most of the country speaking in English so rural side the government takes the step to provide free spoken English.
Step10: Maintain rank card system. Giving gift to top ranking students.
Step11: Extra caring to teach the poor students.
Step12: Yearly twice arranges the industrial visit.
Step13: Arrange the bus facility.
Step14: Maintain uniform education for all states. The Government of Tamil Nadu has been implemented the Common School System is called “Samacheer Kalvi” or Tamil Nadu Uniform System of School Education or Equitable education system. This is very good System. This System purpose is to make same quality syllabus which can stop discrimination based on economy, caste, religion and background for all school boards in Tamil Nadu. If we will have uniform education system in the states poor children can get more advantages of better education.
Education For Underprivileged In India
Education is important for everyone in the world. It makes one able to understand what is happening around us logically and clearly. An educated person has the ability to take viable decisions and make right moves at the right time. Education provides the ladder for achieving success in life and enables us to utilize skills and caliber in a constructive way. However, government and civil societies have made the process of education simple by providing basic facilities and making going to the school necessary for everyone up to 10th class.
Absolute poverty or destitution is inability to afford basic human needs, which commonly includes clean and fresh water, nutrition, health care, education, clothing and shelter. About 1.7 billion people are estimated to live in absolute poverty today.
Children are the future of a nation. For an emerging and developing country like India, development of underprivileged children holds the key to the progress of the nation itself. Education for underprivileged Children is the key whether we are addressing healthcare, poverty, population control, unemployment or human rights issues. Even though India’s children account for more than one-third of its population, their interests have never been given priority.
The situation of underprivileged children in India
40% of India’s population is below the age of 18 years which at 400 million is the world’s largest child population.
Less than half of India’s children between the age 6 and 14 go to school.
A little over one-third of all children who enroll in grade one reach grade eight.
Nav Prayaas is a nongovernmental organization working to provide quality education to the underprivileged children of India. Nav Prayaas is an NGO that takes care of the underprivileged children. Nav Prayaas is an initiative of a few likeminded people in the direction of enabling young India to fulfill its potential and while doing so it takes special care of the environment where it thrives. We use law, science and the support of our members, volunteers and online activists to protect not only the interests of under privileged children but also to ensure a safe and healthy environment for all.
Nav Prayaas is a not -for- profit organization which was set up in 2006 and since then has been expanding its scope of services quantitatively as well as qualitatively through various interventions. Over the years, Nav Prayaas has been voicing its concern on various issues relating to environmental awareness and education for the underprivileged.
Nav Prayaas believe that everything we do should be measurable and transparent. Monitoring and evaluation are integral aspects of all our programs. The reason is twofold: firstly, to ensure that we can measure the impact and secondly, to make changes in the strategy and model to increase efficacy based on the assessment. Numerous projects under Nav Prayaass educational programmed cover poor children under difficult circumstances such as child labor, children of poorest of the parents, underprivileged children inflicted, runaway and street children, children with rare disability [Autism, Deaf & Dumb, Blind, and Spastic etc.], disaster struck children and slum children, etc.
Nav Prayaas aims to deliver free quality education to underprivileged children across rural India.This rural education initiative focuses on setting up temples of learning radiating knowledge and excellence for underprivileged children in the rural pockets of India to provide quality education to underprivileged children to develop them into confident, employable and responsible citizens of tomorrow. Nav Prayaas works to improve the lives of underprivileged children, their families and communities through an approach which puts children at the centre of community development.
Nav Prayaas is one NGO in India that has been able to contribute greatly in the area of providing education to underprivileged children.
Various education programmes launched by Nav Prayaas are:
Education for Underprivileged in India, basic education for poor child, a ray of hope for Slum children, A Helping hand to deprived children, Education for poor in India, Education for underprivileged is a national level programme from Nav Prayaas which focuses on basic education for underprivileged children and youth. Nav Prayaas makes it possible for an individual to sponsor the cost of education of a child.
We welcome you to learn more about our organization and join us in our mission.
History Of Education In India
Up to the 17th century
The first millennium and the few centuries preceding it saw the flourishing of higher education at Nalanda, Takshila, Ujjain, & Vikramshila Universities. Art, Architecture, Painting, Logic, Grammar, Philosophy, Astronomy, Literature, Buddhism, Hinduism, Arthashastra (Economics & Politics), Law, and Medicine were among the subjects taught and each university specialized in a particular field of study. Takshila specialized in the study of medicine, while Ujjain laid emphasis on astronomy. Nalanda, being the biggest centre, handled all branches of knowledge, and housed up to 10,000 students at its peak.
Education under British Rule
British records show that indigenous education was widespread in the 18th century, with a school for every temple, mosque or village in most regions of the country. The subjects taught included Reading, Writing, Arithmetic, Theology, Law, Astronomy, Metaphysics, Ethics, Medical Science and Religion. The schools were attended by students representative of all classes of society.
The current system of education, with its western style and content, was introduced & funded by the British in the 20th century, following recommendations by Macaulay. Traditional structures were not recognized by the British govt and have been on the decline since. Gandhi is said to have described the traditional educational system as a beautiful tree that was destroyed during the British rule.
After Independence
After independence, education became the responsibility of the states. The Central Government’s only obligation was to co-ordinate in technical and higher education and specify standards. This continued till 1976, when the education became a joint responsibility of the state and the Centre.
After 1976
In 1976, education was made a joint responsibility of the states and the Centre, through a consititutional amendment. The center is represented by Ministry of Human Resource Development’s Deparment of Education and together with the states, it is jointly responsible for the formulation of education policy and planning.
NPE 1986 and revised PoA 1992 envisioned that free and compulsory education should be provided for all children up to 14 years of age before the commencement of 21st century. Government of India made a commitment that by 2000, 6% of the Gross Domestic Product (GDP) will be spent on education, out of which half would be spent on the Primary education.
In November 1998, Prime Minister Atal Behari Vajpayee announced setting up of Vidya Vahini Network to link up universities, UGC and CSIR.
Education in India – Recent Developments
The Indian Education System is generally marks-based. However, some experiments have been made to do away with the marks-based system which has lead to cases of depression and suicides among students. In 2005, the Kerala government introduced a grades-based system in the hope that it will help students to move away from the cut-throat competition and rote-learning and will be able to focus on creative aspects and personality development as well.
India is a developing nation and it has been expanding is every fields. Education saw an essential change gradually after Independence. Development of Education in India brought about a transformation and the concept of education got modified. Literacy rate has increased from around three percent in 1880 to around sixty five percent in 2001. All levels of education in India, from primary to higher education portray a challenge. India got well-known educational institutions such as the IITs, IISc, IIMs, NITs,AIIMS, ISI, JU, BITS, and ISB. The higher education system of India is the third largest in the world, after China and the United States.
Development of education in India regards that free and compulsory education should be provided to all children up to fourteen years of age before the commencement of 21st century. Moreover, the 86th Amendment of the Indian constitution makes education a fundamental right for all children aged 6-14 years. Education travelled a long way and thus Indian education system introduced certain advantageous system such as Online education In India. Online education is a system of education training which is delivered primarily via the Internet to students at remote locations. The Online courses may not be delivered in a synchronous manner. Online education enables the students to opt for many online degrees or online courses from various online universities. Thus online education encompasses various degrees and courses. This course has various advantages, as pursuing an online course can be done simultaneously with one’s present occupation. Moreover, an online degree assists in increasing the career prospects
Non-formal education in India has become part of the international discourse on education policy in the late 1960s and early 1970s. Non formal education refers to the learning process throughout life. In addition to that non-formal education is about acknowledging the importance of education, learning and training which takes place outside recognized educational institutions. There are four characteristics associated with non formal education system. This system is a proof for the Development of education in India as this system helps to focus on clearly defined purposes
Indian education has different phases. Students are provided with extensive scope and courses to choose from. One enjoys the opportunity of selecting the required field. The system of Distant Education in India is becoming increasingly popular. The students choosing distance learning process are benefited with the modern pattern followed. The availability of distance learning courses has assured that a person can pursue education from any state or university accordingly. Development of education in India ensures that all Indian citizens will receive education in spite of financial constrains or unavailability of colleges and schools.
University Education
This massive system of higher education in India constitutes of 342 universities (211 State, 18 Central, 95 deemed universities) 13 institutes of national importance, 17,000 colleges and 887 polytechnics. University Grant Commission (UGC), a national body, coordinates and looks after the maintenance of standard of university education in India. The university education in India starts with undergraduate courses. Depending upon the nature of course pursued its duration may vary from three to five and a half years.